An insurance estimate lists each damaged part, the operation (replace, repair, refinish or R&I), the labor hours, the part type and price, and paint and materials. Read it line by line against the damage, and remember that in Virginia you're entitled to a copy of any estimate the insurer prepares (14VAC5-400-80).
Check the claim number, your vehicle's VIN, mileage, trim and options, the point of impact, and whether it was written from photos or an in-person inspection.
Each line shows a part or operation. Common terms: Repl (replace), Rpr (repair), Refn (refinish), R&I (remove and install), Blend (paint an adjacent panel so the color matches), and O/H (overhaul). Labor is listed in hours by type: body, frame, mechanical, refinish.
Lines are often marked OEM, aftermarket (A/M), used (LKQ or recycled) or reconditioned. In Virginia, an estimate based on aftermarket exterior parts must carry a written notice (Va. Code § 38.2-510(C)).
Scanning and calibration of driver-assist systems, hidden damage behind bumpers, corrosion protection, and blend on adjacent panels. Photo estimates are especially likely to miss damage.
When the repair facility finds more damage after teardown, it writes a supplement. Virginia allows supplements from photos, but requires a personal inspection for disputed repairs (Va. Code § 38.2-510).
When an insurer reduces an adjuster's estimate of $3,000 or more, Va. Code § 38.2-510(D) requires it to give the policyholder a detailed explanation and a list of the changes and who made them.
Compare it with your repair facility's estimate. Ask about every line you don't understand. If you disagree on the amount on your own policy, the appraisal clause may apply.
Three sides to every claim. I've worked all of them. Geoffrey C. Albach has spent 33 years in the industry as an independent appraiser, a former insurance staff adjuster, and a collision repair operations director.
By Geoffrey C. Albach, independent auto damage appraiser · About Geoff
Related guides: Should I Accept the Insurance Company's Estimate? · OEM vs. Aftermarket Parts on a Virginia Insurance Estimate · Can My Insurance Company Choose My Repair Facility in Virginia? · All guides
Areas we serve: Lynchburg · Roanoke · Charlottesville · All areas
Yes. 14VAC5-400-80 requires the insurer to give you a copy of an estimate it prepares.
Remove and install: taking a part off and putting it back to access or protect other work.
An added estimate for damage found after repairs begin.
On reductions to an estimate of $3,000 or more, Va. Code § 38.2-510(D) requires a detailed explanation and a list of changes to the policyholder.
General information, not legal advice. Talk to a Virginia attorney about your specific claim.
Call or text Geoff at 434-665-6059. Lynchburg, VA.
